A selection of scientific studies on neurofeedback – from ADHD and epilepsy to tinnitus, depression, and sleep disorders. Classic foundational studies and current research. For studies using Mindfield products, visit our Studies Hub.
Note: The full text of these studies is available through PubMed and other academic databases. Access is usually free at university libraries.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Comparative Efficacy of Neurofeedback Interventions for ADHD in Children: A Network Meta-Analysis
Network meta-analysis of 13 RCTs with 1,370 children: Multiple neurofeedback protocols (SCP, TBR, SMR, HEG) significantly reduced ADHD symptoms compared to inactive control conditions.
Efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in ADHD: the effects on inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity – a meta-analysis
Landmark meta-analysis on the efficacy of neurofeedback for ADHD: significant effects on inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
Is neurofeedback an efficacious treatment for ADHD? A randomised controlled clinical trial
Randomized controlled trial: Neurofeedback as an efficacious treatment for children with ADHD.
Distinct EEG effects related to neurofeedback training in children with ADHD
RCT demonstrating specific EEG changes through neurofeedback training in children with ADHD.
Neurofeedback for children with ADHD: a comparison of SCP and Theta/Beta protocols
Comparison of two neurofeedback protocols (SCP vs. Theta/Beta) in children with ADHD.
Electroencephalographic biofeedback in the treatment of ADHD
Comprehensive review of EEG biofeedback for ADHD.
Neurofeedback: an alternative and efficacious treatment for ADHD
Review: Neurofeedback as an alternative and efficacious ADHD treatment.
Neurofeedback treatment of children with ADHD
Neurofeedback treatment for children with ADHD.
Neurofeedback Treatment for ADHD in Children: A Comparison with Methylphenidate
Dissertation: Comparison of neurofeedback and methylphenidate in children with ADHD.
Epilepsy
Neurofeedback impacts cognition and quality of life in pediatric focal epilepsy
First double-blind, sham-controlled RCT of neurofeedback for pediatric focal epilepsy (n=44): SMR training reduced seizure frequency by 34.7% and significantly improved cognitive reaction times.
Meta-analysis of EEG biofeedback in treating epilepsy
Meta-analysis: EEG biofeedback in the treatment of epilepsy.
Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for the treatment of epilepsy
Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for the treatment of epilepsy.
Neurofeedback treatment of epilepsy: from basic rationale to practical application
From theory to practice: Neurofeedback treatment of epilepsy.
Neurofeedback treatment of epilepsy
Review: Neurofeedback treatment of epilepsy.
Tinnitus
Functional MRI Neurofeedback Outperforms Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Reducing Tinnitus Distress
In this RCT, real-time fMRI neurofeedback led to a THI improvement of −28 points versus −12 points under CBT at 6 months (p=0.005), with additional improvements in sleep, anxiety, and depression.
Does it matter what is trained? A randomized controlled trial evaluating alpha/delta ratio neurofeedback in tinnitus
Three-arm RCT (n=94): Alpha/delta neurofeedback significantly reduced tinnitus intensity compared to a minimal intervention condition.
Neurofeedback in therapy of tinnitus
Application of neurofeedback in tinnitus therapy.
Neurofeedback-based EEG alpha and beta training: effectiveness in chronic tinnitus
Alpha and beta neurofeedback training for chronic tinnitus.
Stroke
EEG-fMRI neurofeedback versus motor imagery after stroke, a randomized controlled trial
First RCT using simultaneous EEG-fMRI neurofeedback in chronic stroke patients (n=30): The neurofeedback group significantly improved the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer score (p=0.003).
Neurotherapy for stroke rehabilitation: a single case study
Case study: Neurotherapy for stroke rehabilitation.
Effect of neurofeedback on motor recovery of a patient with brain injury
Effect of neurofeedback on motor recovery after brain injury.
Anxiety Disorders and Depression
Uncovering the power of neurofeedback: a meta-analysis of its effectiveness in treating major depressive disorders
Meta-analysis of 22 studies on major depressive disorder: Moderate to large effects on depressive symptoms (Hedges’ g = −0.60), neurophysiological parameters (g = −0.73), and cognitive functions (g = −0.42).
A meta-analysis of neurofeedback for treating anxiety-spectrum disorders
Meta-analysis of 26 studies: Reduction of anxiety symptoms by nearly one standard deviation (Hedges’ g = −0.87) – neurofeedback as an effective treatment for anxiety disorders.
Neurofeedback with anxiety and affective disorders
Review of neurofeedback for anxiety and affective disorders.
Alpha-theta brainwave neurofeedback training: an effective treatment for alcoholics with depressive symptoms
Alpha-theta neurofeedback for alcoholism with depressive symptoms.
Sleep Disorders
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Neurofeedback and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia Patients
Pilot RCT: Neurofeedback (beta reduction, alpha/theta enhancement) reduced cortical hyperarousal in insomnia patients and improved ISI and PSQI scores comparably to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-I).
Effects of Neurofeedback on Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
RCT (n=80): An 8-week SMR/alpha neurofeedback training significantly improved sleep onset latency and sleep quality in fibromyalgia patients compared to the control group.
Further Resources
Studies Using Mindfield Products
14 publications in which our eSense sensors and MindMaster devices were used – from PTSD research to HRV studies.
- Current Studies 2025/2026 – The latest research
- Selected Biofeedback Studies – Classic studies on pain, migraine, hypertension
- FAQ Neurofeedback – Frequently asked questions
- Introduction to Neurofeedback – What is neurofeedback?
- Applications of Neurofeedback – Areas of application
- Recommended Neurofeedback Books – Specialist literature
- Neurofeedback for ADHD – Focus page